Chronic prostatitis is a serious disease that is manifested by periodic exacerbations, which require long-term complex treatment. Inadequate therapy or its absence leads to the development of various complications, one of which is stones prostatitis, one of the most serious forms of the disease. Calculosis prostatitis develops from indolent congestive prostatitis and is diagnosed in men over the age of 65.
Calculous prostatitis
Any form of prostatitis is characterized by inflammation of the prostate gland, which can manifest itself in an acute or chronic form. Chalcolithic prostatitis is a form of inflammation caused by the presence of stones (stones) in the vas deferens of the prostate.
Chronic calculus prostatitis is a rare complicated inflammation of the prostate gland. It is preceded by many years of inadequate therapy for chronic congestive prostatitis or prostate adenoma.
In most cases, a complication is found in men who have tried to cure prostatitis on their own or have not followed the recommendations of the attending physician. Interruption of the course of therapy at will, the lack of complex treatment or the uncontrolled independent intake of drugs lead to the development of complications. Quite often, the calculous form of inflammation of the prostate gland develops against the background of concomitant pathologies of the kidneys and urinary system.
The formation of stones in the prostate gland can be due to two factors. The first of these is urolithiasis. In this case we speak of secondary or false stones that do not form in the prostate, but migrate into it along a descending path together with the urine. This occurs against the background of a violation of the urinary system and as a result of a decrease in the tone of the prostate, which provokes the reverse reflux of urine with fragments of stones.
Primary or real stones form directly in the prostate. This is due to a chronic violation of the trophism of the organ. At the same time, salts and phosphates accumulate in the prostate, which, against the background of the thickening of the gland secretion, forms dense salt deposits - stones.
Calculous prostatitis does not occur instantly. This is usually a consequence of not treating chronic inflammation of the prostate.
Reasons for the development of the disease
The development of calculous prostatitis is due to long-term dysfunction of the prostate gland or to concomitant diseases of the male genital area. Factors provoking the development of this form of the disease can be:
- congestive prostatitis with a chronic course;
- chronic infectious prostatitis;
- BPH;
- malignant neoplasms in the body;
- urolithiasis disease;
- disruption of the kidneys.
The structure of the stones can be organic and inorganic, their diameter rarely exceeds 4 mm. The organic structure of the stones is due to the stagnation of the prostate secret, such stones are formed directly in the secret of the prostate.
Inorganic stones enter the prostate due to urethro-prostatic reflux. This phenomenon is observed when the tone of the prostate gland is weakened and consists in the reflux of urine from the urethra into the ducts of the prostate. As a result, dense stones are formed, consisting of salts and phosphates, which are excreted from the body with urine.
Among the factors predisposing to the development of calculous prostatitis, there is a violation of lifestyle against the background of chronic inflammation of the prostate. This includes an unbalanced diet rich in fatty and heavy foods, the lack of a regular sex life.
Calculous prostatitis is diagnosed in men who have lived with chronic prostatitis for more than 10 years. In many ways, the development of this form of the disease is associated with incorrect or untimely treatment of a slow inflammatory process.
Urolithiasis increases the likelihood of prostatitis stones.
Symptoms of the disease
Symptoms and treatment of chronic calculous prostatitis are not very different from the signs of inflammation against the background of congestion of the pelvic organs. Patient complaints include:
- frequent need to urinate;
- feeling of heaviness in the rectum;
- pain after urination;
- weakening of potency;
- ejaculation disorders;
- blood in the urine and semen.
It is the presence of blood in the urine or seminal fluid that makes it possible to suspect the stone form of the disease before a visit to the doctor. At the moment of tension of the corresponding muscles, during ejaculation or urination, the stones move and damage the tissues of the prostate gland. As a result, blood is found in the urine.
As a rule, the calculous form of prostatitis is always accompanied by a violation of sexual function. This can manifest itself as a weakening of potency and problems with ejaculation. Men often complain of the inability to reach a climax during intercourse.
However, in some cases, calculous prostatitis can be asymptomatic. This is observed in the formation of small stones.
A distinctive feature of this form of prostatitis is the presence of blood in the urine.
Diagnosis of the disease
The diagnosis of calculous prostatitis is made on the basis of the same tests that reveal chronic inflammation.
To make a diagnosis, you need to undergo the following examinations:
- rectal palpation of the prostate;
- Ultrasound or TRUS;
- magnetic resonance;
- analysis of prostatic secretion.
During rectal palpation of the organ, the doctor clearly feels the heterogeneity of the prostate gland, which is manifested by the presence of tubercles and depressions in the organ. If the stones are large, they are clearly felt on palpation. In addition, prostate massage in the presence of stones can be painful and be accompanied by the release of blood after manipulation, which is due to damage to the tissues of the organ due to the presence of dense salt deposits.
On ultrasound or TRUS, the stones are distinguished by greater echogenicity. Such an examination allows you to accurately assess the location of the stones, their size, contours and even structure.
In addition, ultrasound of the kidneys and urethrography may be required to exclude the secondary nature of stone formation against the background of diseases of the urinary system.
On ultrasound, the presence of stones, their position and size are well determined.
Principle of treatment
Treatment of calculous prostatitis is a long process. Therapy aims to stop inflammation, relieve symptoms, destroy stones and prevent them from re-forming. As a rule, the course of treatment lasts at least a month.
Treatment of calculous prostatitis begins with symptomatic therapy, which is based on the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and alpha-blockers. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and improve well-being. Antibacterial therapy is carried out only if calcareous prostatitis develops against the background of infectious inflammation in the prostate, and pathogenic microorganisms are detected during the examination. Preparations from the group of alpha-blockers are indicated for the development of urination disorders. These medicines relax the bladder and make it easier for urine to pass.
An important role in the treatment of chalcolithic prostatitis is given to physiotherapy, aimed at improving the trophism of the prostate. Electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, shock wave therapy are practiced.
If the calculations are large, you can take an action to remove them. Minimally invasive methods and laser surgery are usually used.
Medium-sized stones are successfully crushed by a laser. This procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, is absolutely painless and takes no more than 20 minutes. If there are several stones, a course of procedures is prescribed.
With calculous prostatitis, prostate massage is prohibited, as this causes damage to the tissues of the organ when the stones set in motion.
How to cure calculous prostatitis: depends on the size of the stones and the symptoms of the disease. With small stones, the treatment is carried out with the aid of medicines and physiotherapy, aimed, among other things, at crushing the stones. Large stones are surgically removed. The operation is performed under anesthesia.
Possible complications
Stones prostatitis is dangerous with the risk of developing an abscess in the prostate gland. Such a complication requires immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention, otherwise the abscess may open on its own, which leads to the development of sepsis.
Lack of adequate and timely therapy can lead to the development of paraproctitis. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the rectum. Purulent inflammation can have dangerous consequences, up to sepsis and infection of the whole organism.
One of the most common complications in the absence of timely treatment of calculous prostatitis is erectile dysfunction. Often, the presence of stones in the prostate leads to infertility.
The likelihood of complications is determined during examination and diagnosis. In addition, during the treatment of calculous prostatitis, the patient is shown a regular ultrasound and prostatic discharge analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of the chosen treatment regimen.
The most common consequence is a violation of potency.
Disease prevention
Despite the fact that calculous prostatitis is treatable, the attending physician always warns of the risk of recurrence of the stones. To prevent this from happening, a man must follow some advice.
Prevention of recurrence of the disease comes down to a balanced diet, regular sexual activity. Fatty and spicy foods that negatively affect the functioning of the urinary system should be avoided. Make sure you give up bad habits and exercise regularly to prevent stagnation of blood and lymph in the pelvic organs.
Since calculous prostatitis is most often a complication of chronic prostatitis, specific prevention of the disease comes down to timely treatment of inflammation of the prostate. You should follow your doctor's recommendations and not try to cure prostatitis on your own.
Quite often, men who are faced with this disease do not pay due attention to the symptoms, hoping that the discomfort will pass on its own. As a result, prostatitis is not treated and can proceed in a latent form for many years, periodically manifesting itself with exacerbations. It is important to understand that a timely visit to a doctor and adequate therapy will alleviate the disease in a few months.
Another common mistake that leads to the development of calculous prostatitis is to stop the treatment of chronic inflammation at the first improvement. As a result, the disease is not treated and will certainly make itself felt when immunity is reduced.
So, to avoid the formation of stones in the prostate, you should follow only a few rules:
- consult a doctor in a timely manner;
- strictly follow the instructions of a specialist;
- don't let the disease run its course.
Any man who has had prostatitis should have an annual examination by a urologist.